5G Protocol Stack Layers & Their Use Cases

5G Protocol Stack Layers & Their Functions:

1. Physical Layer:

Transmits raw data using radio signals.
Use Case: Streaming a video on your smartphone.

2. MAC Layer (Medium Access Control):

Allocates radio resources for users’ data transmission.
Use Case: Prioritizing emergency calls over regular data traffic.

3. RLC Layer (Radio Link Control):

Corrects errors that occur over the air interface.
Use Case: Ensuring a file you download is error-free.

4. PDCP Layer (Packet Data Convergence Protocol):

Encrypts messages for security and compresses headers for efficiency.
Use Case: Securely sending an email from your phone.

5. SDAP Layer (Service Data Adaptation Protocol):

Matches data flows to QoS requirements.
Use Case: Streaming a live sports event with high quality.

6. RRC Layer (Radio Resource Control):

Sets up and manages radio bearers.
Use Case: Establishing a connection when you make a video call.

7. NAS Layer (Non-Access Stratum):

Manages mobility and sessions beyond the radio access network.
Use Case: Switching cell towers as you move while staying on a call.