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Application control is a security technology that allows you to identify and control the applications that are running on your network. Some methods that are used in application control on a firewall are:
• Matching network traffic to predefined models: This method works by analyzing the structure and content of the network packets and comparing them to known patterns of different applications. This way, the firewall can accurately identify the application that generated the traffic and apply appropriate policies based on its type, risk level, resource usage, and productivity implications.
• Using signatures or heuristics: This method works by inspecting the network traffic for specific signatures or characteristics that indicate the presence of a certain application. For example, a firewall can detect an HTTP request with a specific header or parameter that is unique to a particular web service. This method can also detect unknown or encrypted applications by using heuristics or behavioral analysis.
• Using application databases or lists: This method works by consulting a database or a list of applications that are categorized and rated by various criteria, such as security risk, bandwidth consumption, productivity impact, etc. The firewall can use this information to block, allow, or restrict access to certain applications or categories of applications based on the organization's acceptable use policy.