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OSPF - Open Shortest Path first
OSPF is a link-state routing protocol and works on link properties, when we think about
metrics it has cost value to install routes in Routing Table, it uses a calculation to find the cost for each route. To calculate the best, OSPF use SPF or Dijkstra algorithm. OSPF works on Area concepts (Single area and Dual Area) and when we talk about update exchange:
- Single Area: within the area, it sends full updates while getting any change in the
topology
- Dual Area: between two different areas it sends only partial updates, so whenever
router detect a change in one area they just send the new changes in other area.
OSPF does not exchange the prefixes individually it binds all the prefixes into a single packet and we call it a database, so OSPF exchanges the database with each other or we can say it exchanges the full database within the area to all the routers so all the routers will have the same database and can have the complete view of the full topology.